The manual describes the elements of Low-Carbon Production, the relevant International conventions, and legal requirements in Serbia. Low-carbon technologies in industry are essential to achieve the EU’s climate and energy targets. The targets are defi ned in the 2020 package, 2030 framework, and 2050 roadmaps. These targets form the overall framework for the defi nition of strategies for the diff erent industrial sector. The approach described starts from explaining the carbon footprint of an organization, identifying the baseline and showing how to reduce the carbon footprint with the PDCA management cycle. It summarizes relevant standards for energy audits (Management commitment, policy, team, education, awareness) and gives hints for their practical implementation. It also describes the approach of carbon footprinting and presents a detailed approach to monitoring and controlling energy consumption. It further summarizes a set of technical options with a potential to increase energy efficiency in the processes of food processing industries. This relates to processes like refrigeration, heating, compressed air, cleaning. It describes emerging technologies, which have a potential to reduce energy consumption of processes. The carbon footprint can be reduced also by turning waste into a useful by product. In the food processing industry there is a big potential for the valorisation of by-products. In chapter 5, several options are analysed which relate to the use of by products to generate additional revenue. The chapter also shows how anaerobic fermentation can turn organic waste and concentrated wastewater into a source of energy. Turning waste into useful products or a replacement for raw materials is one of the key principles of Circular Economy. The last chapter summarizes the potential of renewable energy sources in Serbia. The important options are: straw and other agricultural waste as boiler fuel, hydropower, photovoltaic, solar thermal heating, and wind.
